The eye is exposed to the outside environment and can be injured by blunt trauma, penetrating injury, foreign bodies, chemicals, heat, or radiation. This category covers classification and management principles for eye trauma.
26 English articles
A disease in which blunt trauma to the eye causes rupture of Bruch's membrane, the choriocapillaris, and the retinal pigment epithelium. Immediately after injury, it is hidden by hemorrhage, but after absorption, it is observed as a crescent-shaped white line. Attention must be paid to the development of choroidal neovascularization.
A disease in which the outer segments of photoreceptors are damaged after blunt ocular trauma, resulting in characteristic white opacification of the retina. It often resolves spontaneously within about two weeks, but visual prognosis may be poor if the macula is affected.
Explains the causes, classification, symptoms, CT diagnosis, foreign body removal via PPV, and prognostic factors of intraocular foreign bodies (IOFB). Includes pathophysiology of siderosis and chalcosis, OTS prognosis prediction, and information on the latest removal devices.
A condition in which the iris root is torn from the ciliary body attachment and detached from the scleral spur due to blunt trauma. It can cause pupillary deviation, monocular diplopia, and photophobia. It is repaired by iris suturing using the modified Siepser method or McCannel method.
This article explains the pathology, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of eye injuries caused by laser pointers, cosmetic lasers, and medical lasers. Various disorders can occur, including photothermal and photomechanical retinal damage, as well as choroidal neovascularization.
This article explains the classification, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of Le Fort fractures (types I, II, and III), focusing on ophthalmic complications.
This article explains the classification of ocular burns caused by high-temperature substances (first to third degree), the Kinoshita classification for evaluating corneoconjunctival damage, and treatment from acute-phase cooling to ocular surface reconstruction.
This article explains the epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of ocular and orbital trauma caused by firearms (handguns, rifles, airsoft guns, etc.).
An ophthalmic emergency in which a rapid increase in intraorbital pressure compromises blood flow to the optic nerve and retina, leading to irreversible blindness if urgent decompression is not performed. Immediate decompression via lateral canthotomy and inferior cantholysis is the mainstay of treatment.
A condition caused by abnormal accumulation of air within the orbit. The most common cause is nose blowing after an orbital wall fracture. In most cases, it resolves spontaneously within 7–10 days, but severe cases can lead to orbital compartment syndrome and potential blindness.
This article explains the definition, classification, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of orbital foreign bodies, including imaging diagnosis centered on CT and management strategies based on material type.
Orbital roof fracture is a relatively rare orbital fracture caused by trauma to the forehead. In adults, it is often associated with high-energy trauma and severe head injury. Multidisciplinary collaboration with neurosurgery and otolaryngology is necessary.
A comprehensive explanation of the definition, dose threshold, diagnosis, and treatment including anti-VEGF therapy for radiation-induced ocular disorders (cataract, retinopathy, optic neuropathy).
A form of traumatic retinal tear in which the retina is detached from the vitreous base at the ora serrata due to blunt ocular trauma. It is common in young individuals and progresses slowly as a shallow retinal detachment, so attention must be paid to delayed diagnosis.
Retrobulbar hemorrhage is an emergency condition in which blood accumulates in the orbit. It causes proptosis, increased intraocular pressure, and vision loss, and prompt decompression is essential.
Classification of traumatic cataract following ocular trauma (blunt, sharp, foreign body, non-mechanical), clinical findings such as Vossius ring, diagnosis, preoperative planning, surgical techniques, amblyopia management in children, and prognosis. Detailed description of prognosis prediction using OTS score and selection criteria for primary vs. secondary extraction.
Classification, symptoms, diagnosis, and surgical indications (CTR, intrascleral fixation, vitrectomy) of traumatic lens dislocation/subluxation caused by rupture of the zonules of Zinn due to blunt ocular trauma, along with differential diagnosis from systemic diseases.
This article explains the definition, epidemiology, OCT diagnosis, possibility of spontaneous closure, vitrectomy (with or without ILM peeling), and prognosis of traumatic macular hole caused by blunt ocular trauma or laser injury. It also details the differentiation from idiopathic macular hole and management of choroidal neovascularization.
A dilated pupil caused by rupture of the sphincter pupillae muscle due to blunt trauma. Main symptoms are decreased near vision and photophobia. The diagnosis is suggested by the absence of miosis after instillation of 1% pilocarpine. Differentiation from oculomotor nerve palsy is important.
Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment caused by open or closed ocular trauma. For open injuries, vitrectomy is the basic approach; for closed injuries, scleral buckling surgery is the standard. It is common in young people and children, and attention must be paid to progression to proliferative vitreoretinopathy.