Koizumi H, et al. Central serous chorioretinopathy and the sclera: what we have learned so far. Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2024. Figure 4. PMCID: PMC11420308. License: CC BY.
類固醇:最大的風險因子。無論全身、局部、吸入、硬膜外或點眼給藥途徑,均有發病風險。有全身性紅斑狼瘡(SLE)患者使用類固醇後發病的報告,OR值為37.1(95% CI 6.2–221.8),極高1)。類固醇與本病的發生和惡化有關,因此對於正在使用的患者,考慮停藥或減量非常重要。需與其他科別協作,根據個別病例處理。
CSC眼的前部和後部鞏膜顯著厚於正常眼9)。由於渦靜脈斜行穿過鞏膜(鞏膜內走行約4mm),鞏膜增厚可能增加靜脈流出阻力,導致脈絡膜充血9)。62%的CSC眼可見脈絡膜上腔液體積聚(loculation of fluid),19%可見睫狀體脈絡膜滲出(ciliochoroidal effusion)9)。在類固醇誘發的CSC中,鞏膜比特發性CSC更薄,提示鞏膜在發病機制中的作用可能不同9)。
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