Koizumi H, et al. Central serous chorioretinopathy and the sclera: what we have learned so far. Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2024. Figure 4. PMCID: PMC11420308. License: CC BY.
类固醇:最大的风险因素。无论全身、局部、吸入、硬膜外还是滴眼给药途径,均有发病风险。有系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者使用类固醇后发病的报道,OR值为37.1(95% CI 6.2–221.8),极高1)。类固醇与本病的发生和加重有关,因此对于正在使用的患者,考虑停药或减量非常重要。需与其他科室协作,根据具体病例处理。
CSC眼的前部和后部巩膜显著厚于正常眼9)。由于涡静脉斜行穿过巩膜(巩膜内走行约4mm),巩膜增厚可能增加静脉流出阻力,导致脉络膜充血9)。62%的CSC眼可见脉络膜上腔液体积聚(loculation of fluid),19%可见睫状体脉络膜渗出(ciliochoroidal effusion)9)。在类固醇诱发的CSC中,巩膜比特发性CSC更薄,提示巩膜在发病机制中的作用可能不同9)。
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