即使考虑术后并发症风险,对于希望达到更低眼压的病例,选择Baerveldt®(非阀门型)。对于希望术后立即降低眼压的病例,或低眼压风险高的病例(无晶状体眼、葡萄膜炎继发性青光眼等),选择Ahmed®(阀门型)。荟萃分析显示,Baerveldt®术后平均眼压(13.2 mmHg)显著低于Ahmed®(15.8 mmHg)15),但Baerveldt®的低眼压发生率更高(4.5% vs 0.4%)12)。
Long scleral tunnel technique for prevention of drainage tube-related complications during Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation. Medicine (Baltimore). 2023;102(42):e35449. Figure 2. PMCID: PMC10589554. License: CC BY 4.0.
Baerveldt 13.2 mmHg 对比 Ahmed 15.8 mmHg(p<0.001)15)
TVT 研究(Tube Versus Trabeculectomy Study)是一项针对有白内障手术或小梁切除术史的眼睛的多中心 RCT13)。5年随访显示,引流管组的成功率高于小梁切除术组。眼压降低、药物使用、严重并发症和视力丧失方面相当,但小梁切除术组需要额外青光眼手术的次数显著更多(p=0.025)13)。使用 NEI VFQ-25 进行的术后生活质量评估显示两组之间无显著差异12)。
ABC/AVB 研究是一项比较 Ahmed 和 Baerveldt 的多中心 RCT15)。5年随访显示,Baerveldt 组在降低眼压和减少药物方面优于 Ahmed 组,但 Ahmed 组的严重并发症较少15)。Baerveldt 术后低眼压的发生率(4.5%)显著高于 Ahmed(0.4%)(p=0.002)12)。
Ahmed 对比小梁切除术的比较研究中,累积成功率(41-52个月后)在 Ahmed 组为69.8%,小梁切除术组为68.1%,无显著差异。Ahmed 组引流管暴露更多,而小梁切除术组滤过泡渗漏和滤过泡感染有增多趋势16)。
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