即使考慮術後併發症風險,對於希望達到更低眼壓的病例,選擇Baerveldt®(非閥型)。對於希望術後立即降低眼壓或低眼壓風險高的病例(如無晶體眼、葡萄膜炎繼發青光眼),選擇Ahmed®(閥型)。薈萃分析顯示Baerveldt®術後平均眼壓(13.2 mmHg)顯著低於Ahmed®(15.8 mmHg)15),但Baerveldt®的低眼壓發生率較高(4.5% vs 0.4%)12)。
Long scleral tunnel technique for prevention of drainage tube-related complications during Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation. Medicine (Baltimore). 2023;102(42):e35449. Figure 2. PMCID: PMC10589554. License: CC BY 4.0.
TVT 研究(Tube Versus Trabeculectomy Study)是一項針對曾接受白內障手術或小樑切除術之眼睛的多中心隨機對照試驗13)。追蹤5年後,導管組的成功率高於小樑切除術組。眼壓下降、藥物使用、嚴重併發症及視力喪失方面兩組相當,但小樑切除術組需要額外青光眼手術的次數顯著較多(p=0.025)13)。使用 NEI VFQ-25 評估術後生活品質,兩組之間無顯著差異12)。
ABC/AVB 研究是一項比較 Ahmed 與 Baerveldt 的多中心隨機對照試驗15)。追蹤5年後,Baerveldt 組在降低眼壓和減少藥物方面優於 Ahmed 組,但 Ahmed 組的嚴重併發症較少15)。Baerveldt 術後低眼壓發生率(4.5%)顯著高於 Ahmed(0.4%)(p=0.002)12)。
Ahmed 與小樑切除術的比較研究顯示,累積成功率(41至52個月後)在 Ahmed 組為69.8%,小樑切除術組為68.1%,無顯著差異。導管暴露在 Ahmed 組較常見,而濾過泡滲漏和濾過泡感染在小樑切除術組有較多的趨勢16)。
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Miura Y, Fukuda K, Yamashiro K. A Novel Scleral Tunnel Technique for the Prevention of Ahmed Glaucoma Valve Tube Exposure. Cureus. 2025;17(2):e79290. doi:10.7759/cureus.79290. PMID:40125231; PMCID:PMC11927520.
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Goel R, Gaonker T, Arya D, Golhait P. Outcome of combined single-loop fixation of intraocular lens with Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation. BMJ case reports. 2023;16(6). doi:10.1136/bcr-2022-254240. PMID:37380374; PMCID:PMC10410958.
Kolipaka PG, Krishnamurthy R, Bagga B. Unusual sequelae of staphyloma following Ahmed glaucoma valve explantation and its management. BMJ case reports. 2021;14(3). doi:10.1136/bcr-2020-239585. PMID:33758043; PMCID:PMC7993286.
Gedde SJ, Schiffman JC, Feuer WJ, Herndon LW, Brandt JD, Budenz DL, et al. Treatment outcomes in the Tube Versus Trabeculectomy (TVT) study after five years of follow-up. American journal of ophthalmology. 2012;153(5):789-803.e2. doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2011.10.026. PMID:22245458; PMCID:PMC4460598.
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